International Journal of Development in Social Sciences and Humanities

The phenomenon of the state occupied the minds of many thinkers and researchers, and great efforts were made from many different angles and aspects to study and explain the nature of its form, and to study the issues related to it, the general framework of political sociology. As for what is related to the nature of the state in Iran, there are different theories and visions, such as the dependent state theory, the patrimonial state theory, the rentier state theory, and the ideological state theory, each of which derives its methodological value from the basic sources and rules of these three trends. The ideological state theory and the patrimonial state theory can be explained on the basis of the intellectual adoptions of rationalism, and the dependent state theory can be clarified in addition to the rentier state theory based on the orientations of the Marxist doctrine based on the tendency of conflict between social classes. Among these models, the vassal state model is the weakest in explaining the state in Iran. This is because after the Islamic Revolution, the Iranians formulated the concept of the state on the basis of a serious desire to achieve independence in the light of popular and popular aspirations and aspirations. The emergence of the state in its subservient, subservient form will lead to the robbery of national sovereignty and social dignity and make them an instrument controlled by the eastern and international changes. It seems that the theory of the patrimonial state is the closest to being a one-dimensional political vision in explaining the process of managing the country, meaning that the interest in the state in it is through in-depth knowledge of the political interactions of the internal dimension of the state, as it is not a vision that deals with issues and interactions from outside the framework of the state and far from the system used in it. Hence, the process of employing such a theory to explain the post-revolutionary Islamic period in Iran was not useful in understanding the nature of the behavior of the political community, and it was also incapable of explaining the nature of the interactions between the state and society. As for the theory of the rentier state, it is consistent with the dependence of the Islamic Republic on the sources of natural wealth, such as oil and its revenues, as a tributary basis for its economic reality. It deals with issues related to the political system and the process of state administration from a narrow angle; It ignores the other main dimensions and angles in explaining the nature of the relationship between society and the state. As for the ideological state theory, which means that state that claims to be capable and capable of managing and organizing the country’s affairs, whether political, economic, social or cultural, by employing a comprehensive vision and an integrated intellectual system, and it seeks through a set of ideological bases and rules to consolidate power On the various behavioral and ethical dimensions in society. This state is a product of the reality created by successive crises and objective problems that accompanied the transition from traditionalism to modernity in the twentieth century, challenges that the state did not manage to interact with and answer its questions. But in the course of our criticism of this theory, it should be said that Islam, as an intellectual basis and a mature and integrated creed system, is not among the sum of modern intellectual visions and doctrines that can be framed in a narrow ideological template, Answering the problems of all dimensions and the essential questions of the nature of the state after the Islamic revolution in Iran.